Overview
Stretch marks, or striae, are permanent, narrow scars that form when the skin stretches or shrinks rapidly tearing the supportive layer beneath. These indented lines are extremely common and can affect anyone, causing emotional concern as well as cosmetic impact. Studies show that Black African women may experience more severe stretch mark development than other groups, underscoring their prevalence across diverse populations.
Symptoms and Causes
Stretch marks often begin as raised, reddish, purple, or dark brown lines before slowly flattening and fading typically to pale or silvery-white. They feel slightly indented to the touch and may be itchy or irritated during their early stages.
Common triggers include:
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Growth spurts during puberty
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Pregnancy (especially in younger women or those with rapid weight gain)
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Swift weight fluctuations or intense muscle growth
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Long-term use of corticosteroid medications
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Hormonal or genetic conditions like Cushing’s syndrome or Marfan syndrome
Risk Factors
You’re more likely to develop stretch marks if you:
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Have a family history (genetics likely play a significant role)
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Are female
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Experience rapid changes due to puberty, pregnancy, or weight training
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Use steroids (medicinal or due to certain health conditions)
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Already have an underlying hormonal or connective tissue disorder
When to see a doctor
While stretch marks are harmless, consult a healthcare provider if you notice additional warning signs such as fat accumulation in specific areas, facial puffiness, or other symptoms that might point to conditions like Cushing’s syndrome.
Treatment and Management
Stretch marks are generally permanent but tend to become less noticeable over time. Early-stage marks respond better to treatment than mature ones. Available options include:
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Topical retinoids (e.g., tretinoin) or retinol, which may stimulate collagen and improve early marks avoided in pregnancy.
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Dermatological procedures: laser resurfacing, microneedling, dermabrasion, chemical peels, radiofrequency, or ultrasound to enhance skin texture and appearance.
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Moisturizers like hyaluronic acid may aid early stretch marks, though common oils (e.g., cocoa butter, almond oil, vitamin E) show little proven benefit.
Outlook / Prognosis
Stretch marks generally fade with time, becoming less visible. They pose no physical health risk, though they can affect self-esteem and emotional well-being.
Prevention
You can’t guarantee avoidance of stretch marks, but the following may help reduce your risk:
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Maintain a stable, healthy weight
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Achieve growth or weight changes slowly
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Keep skin hydrated with water, gentle moisturizers, and a balanced diet rich in protein, zinc, and vitamins (A, C, D)
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Avoid long-term steroid use without medical supervision
FAQs
Can I prevent stretch marks ? There is no proven way to completely prevent stretch marks. While some products claim to work, there is limited scientific evidence to support this. Maintaining a healthy weight and staying hydrated are the best general practices.
Do stretch marks go away ? They will not completely disappear, but they will fade over time and become much less noticeable. Treatments can also help to improve their appearance.
Are stretch marks a sign of an underlying health problem ? In most cases, no. They are a normal part of life changes like puberty or pregnancy. However, if they appear suddenly without a clear cause, they can be a symptom of conditions like Cushing's syndrome, and you should see a doctor.
Published 13th August 2025
References
Cleveland Clinic: Stretch Marks: Causes, Treatment Options & Prevention Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10785-stretch-marks
Mayo Clinic: Stretch marks - Symptoms and causes Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stretch-marks/symptoms-causes/syc-20351139